{"id":3329,"date":"2018-05-15T09:47:51","date_gmt":"2018-05-15T01:47:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.eibrakeline.com\/?p=3329"},"modified":"2019-11-17T19:58:13","modified_gmt":"2019-11-17T11:58:13","slug":"indian-standard-is8119-specification-copper-brazed-steel-tubing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.eibrakeline.com\/vi\/indian-standard-is8119-specification-copper-brazed-steel-tubing\/","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 &#8211; IS8119 Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>0. L\u1edcI N\u00d3I \u0110\u1ea6U<\/p>\n<p>0.1 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng qua v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1976, sau khi b\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o do \u1ee6y ban Ti\u1ec3u ban v\u1ec1 \u1ed0ng th\u00e9p, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 Ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ban C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 Kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n0.2 T\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p h\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00f4 t\u00f4, \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 b\u1ebfp l\u00f2 cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng phanh, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u01b0\u1edfi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t. Hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<br \/>\n0.3 Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y, s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb ASTM: A 254-1970 \u2018\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p h\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng\u2019 do Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Hoa K\u1ef3 ban h\u00e0nh.<br \/>\n0.4 \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng hay kh\u00f4ng, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, quan s\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p th\u1eed ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n theo IS : 2-1960*. S\u1ed1 ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i trong gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>1. PH\u1ea0M VI \u00c1P D\u1ee4NG<\/p>\n<p>1.1 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m hai lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p h\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00f3i chung, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00f4 t\u00f4, \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 b\u1ebfp l\u00f2, d\u00f9ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng phanh, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u01b0\u1edfi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, v.v.<\/p>\n<p>2. CUNG C\u1ea4P V\u1eacT LI\u1ec6U<br \/>\n2.1 C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p h\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 IS : 1387-1967.<\/p>\n<p>3. S\u1ea2N XU\u1ea4T<br \/>\n3.1 Th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u1eed oxy b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m, th\u00e9p n\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p ph\u1ee7 n\u1eafp v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2 th\u1ed5i, l\u00f2 \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u00f2 oxy c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<br \/>\n3.2 \u1ed0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e1n d\u1ea3i th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng \u1ed1ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eed.<br \/>\n3.3 \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n Lo\u1ea1i 1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong H\u00ecnh 1.<br \/>\n3.4 \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n Lo\u1ea1i 2 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong H\u00ecnh 2.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3558\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3558\" style=\"width: 350px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3558\" src=\"http:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/FIG.-1-Class-1-Brazed-Tubes-Double-Wall-360-Brazed-Construction.jpg\" alt=\"H\u00ccNH 1 \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n Lo\u1ea1i 1 C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o hai l\u1edbp h\u00e0n 360 \u0111\u1ed9\" width=\"350\" height=\"185\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3558\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">H\u00ccNH 1 \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n Lo\u1ea1i 1 C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o hai l\u1edbp h\u00e0n 360 \u0111\u1ed9<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3559\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3559\" style=\"width: 351px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3559\" src=\"http:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/FIG.-2.-Class-2-Brazed-Tubes-Single-Wall-Construction.jpg\" alt=\"H\u00ccNH 2. \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n Lo\u1ea1i 2 C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp\" width=\"351\" height=\"153\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3559\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">H\u00ccNH 2. \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n Lo\u1ea1i 2 C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>4. Y\u00caU C\u1ea6U H\u00d3A H\u1eccC<\/p>\n<p>4.1 Th\u00e9p khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch theo c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a IS: 228 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m, t\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cacbon<\/td>\n<td>0,10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Mangan<\/td>\n<td>0,50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ph\u1ed1t pho<\/td>\n<td>0,035<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>L\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh<\/td>\n<td>0,035<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>4.2 M\u1ed7i m\u1ebb th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e9p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 4.1. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua th\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau.<\/p>\n<p>5. Y\u00caU C\u1ea6U C\u01a0 H\u1eccC<\/p>\n<p>5.1 Th\u1eed k\u00e9o &#8211; C\u00e1c m\u1eabu th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb hai \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng (tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i) v\u00e0 th\u1eed theo IS : 1894-19727, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<\/td>\n<td>290 N\/mm<sup>2<\/sup>, t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y<\/td>\n<td>N\/mm<sup>2<\/sup>, t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i tr\u00ean chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i chu\u1ea9n 65 mm<\/td>\n<td>N\/mm<sup>2<\/sup>, t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>5.2 Th\u1eed \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng &#8211; Ph\u00e9p th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo IS : 2328-1963:. M\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00f2ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 65 mm, c\u1eaft t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn, khi \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ngu\u1ed9i, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa hai m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng song song m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t hay khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt n\u00e0o, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi hai m\u1eb7t trong ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac nhau. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng Lo\u1ea1i 2, m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t sao cho ch\u1ecbu bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t khi \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng.<br \/>\n5.3 Th\u1eed gi\u00e3n n\u1edf &#8211; Ph\u00e9p th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo IS : 2335-19635. M\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 50 mm ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e3n n\u1edf tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t mandrel ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3n thu\u00f4n c\u00f3 g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec9nh 30\u00b0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e3n n\u1edf t\u0103ng th\u00eam 20% m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt kh\u00e1c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1eed gi\u00e3n n\u1edf, \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft vu\u00f4ng, v\u00e1t m\u00e9p v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ba via. Trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed gi\u00e3n n\u1edf, \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 n\u00f3n ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m.<br \/>\n5.4 Th\u1eed u\u1ed1n &#8211; Ph\u00e9p th\u1eed n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo IS : 2329-1963*. \u1ed0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c u\u1ed1n quanh m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n tr\u1ee5 tr\u00f2n 360\u00b0, v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed1i n\u1eb1m \u1edf g\u00f3c 90\u00b0 so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng u\u1ed1n. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea5p s\u00e1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i. M\u1eabu th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ph\u00e9p th\u1eed n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb g\u1eadp, n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt kh\u00e1c.<br \/>\n5.5 Th\u1eed c\u1eaft khi u\u1ed1n &#8211; N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng tay th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh k\u1eb9p t\u00f3c (m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n \u1edf ph\u00eda trong), khi u\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c u\u1ed1n th\u00ec c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t.<br \/>\n5.6 Ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y &#8211; C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra 100% v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (xem IS : 4853-19687 v\u00e0 IS : 7343-1974:).<\/p>\n<p>6. TH\u1eec TH\u1ee6Y L\u1ef0C<\/p>\n<p>6.1 M\u1ed7i \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c trong 5 gi\u00e2y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, t\u1ea1i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">P=2St\/D<\/p>\n<p>trong \u0111\u00f3<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">P = \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng N\/mm<sup>2<\/sup>;<br \/>\nS = \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0;<br \/>\n<em>110 N\/mm<sup>2<\/sup> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Lo\u1ea1i I<\/em><br \/>\n<em>45 N\/mm<sup>2<\/sup> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Lo\u1ea1i II;<\/em><br \/>\nt = \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng mm; v\u00e0<br \/>\nD = \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng mm.<\/p>\n<p>7. S\u1ef0 S\u1ea0CH S\u1ebc B\u1ec0 M\u1eb6T B\u00caN TRONG<\/p>\n<p>7.1 Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u00f9ng cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 d\u00e0n ng\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh, ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch b\u00ean trong sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<p>7.1.1 Khi m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda b\u00ean trong b\u1eb1ng clorofom c\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c tricloetylen c\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1eb7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i sau khi dung m\u00f4i bay h\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 0,194 g\/m* di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean trong. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1ed5 100 ml dung m\u00f4i qua \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 thu l\u1ea1i. T\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 12,2 m, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch r\u1eeda nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ed5 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t dung m\u00f4i qua t\u1eebng \u0111o\u1ea1n. Bay h\u01a1i dung m\u00f4i tr\u00ean n\u1ed3i h\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea5y \u1edf 110\u00b0C cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u01a1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n bay h\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p>7.2 \u0110\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ecbt k\u00edn hai \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng n\u1eafp ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt b\u1ecbt.<\/p>\n<p>8. DUNG SAI K\u00cdCH TH\u01af\u1edaC<\/p>\n<p>8.1 C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c sai l\u1ec7ch cho ph\u00e9p v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>D\u01b0\u1edbi 4,8 mm<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10,05 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u1eeb 4,8 mm \u0111\u1ebfn 95 mm (bao g\u1ed3m)<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10,08 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tr\u00ean 9,5 mm \u0111\u1ebfn 15,9 mm (bao g\u1ed3m)<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10,10 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u1eeb 0,50 mm \u0111\u1ebfn 0,76 mm (bao g\u1ed3m)<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10,08 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tr\u00ean 0,76 mm \u0111\u1ebfn 1,25 mm (bao g\u1ed3m)<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10,09 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ebfn 0,5 m (bao g\u1ed3m)<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10,75 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tr\u00ean 0,5 m \u0111\u1ebfn 1,0 m (bao g\u1ed3m)<\/td>\n<td>\u00b11,5 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tr\u00ean 1,0 m \u0111\u1ebfn 2,0 m (bao g\u1ed3m)<\/td>\n<td>\u00b13,0 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tr\u00ean 2,0 m \u0111\u1ebfn 3,0 m (bao g\u1ed3m)<\/td>\n<td>\u00b16,0 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tr\u00ean 3,0 m<\/td>\n<td>+25,0 mm<br \/>\n-0,0 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>9. CH\u1ea4T L\u01af\u1ee2NG GIA C\u00d4NG<\/p>\n<p>9.1 C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea1ch, nh\u1eb5n v\u00e0 tr\u00f2n c\u1ea3 b\u00ean trong l\u1eabn b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t, v\u1ea3y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n<p>10. Y\u00caU C\u1ea6U B\u1ed4 SUNG<\/p>\n<p>10.1 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m loe &#8211; C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng lo\u1ea1i 1 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c loe k\u00e9p theo c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong B\u1ea3ng 1 v\u00e0 B\u1ea3ng 2. Vi\u1ec7c loe k\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng vu\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ba via, b\u1eb1ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7m tay ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y \u00e9p, qua hai b\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, m\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea7n ph\u00ecnh ra (xem H\u00ecnh 3A), trong khi \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 hai, m\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (xem H\u00ecnh 3B).<br \/>\n\u1ed0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ee9t xuy\u00ean qua th\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00e9p loe. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i ch\u1ed3ng m\u00e9p \u1edf ph\u1ea7n m\u00e9p loe c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 trong khu v\u1ef1c A (xem H\u00ecnh 3). S\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 3,0 mm v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y ngo\u00e0i. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p t\u00e1ch m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c sau:<\/p>\n<p>a) Khu v\u1ef1c B (m\u1eb7t gh\u1ebf loe, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u1eb1m trong g\u00f3c 90\u00b0): b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh n\u00f3n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eb5n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 sau khi l\u1eafp r\u00e1p.<br \/>\nb) Khu v\u1ef1c C (b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp k\u00e9p b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t do loe).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3562\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3562\" style=\"width: 360px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3562\" src=\"http:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/FIG.-3-Double-Flare-Test.jpg\" alt=\"H\u00ccNH 3 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m loe k\u00e9p\" width=\"360\" height=\"540\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3562\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">H\u00ccNH 3 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m loe k\u00e9p<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<table>\n<colgroup>\n<col span=\"5\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<caption><strong>B\u1ea2NG 1 K\u00cdCH TH\u01af\u1edaC C\u1ee6A M\u00c9P LOE 45 \u0110\u1ed8<\/strong><br \/>\n( \u0110i\u1ec1u 10.1 v\u00e0 H\u00ecnh 4 )<br \/>\nT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng milim\u00e9t.<\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0110\u01af\u1edcNG K\u00cdNH NGO\u00c0I DANH NGH\u0128A<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0110\u01af\u1edcNG K\u00cdNH M\u00c9P LOE K\u00c9P, B<sub>1<\/sub><\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">CHI\u1ec0U D\u00c0I PH\u1ea6N PH\u00ccNH RA<br \/>\nC<sub>1<\/sub>, T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0110\u1ed8 D\u00c0Y TH\u00c0NH<br \/>\nD<sub>1<\/sub>, T\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3,18<\/td>\n<td>5,4<\/td>\n<td>5,0<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>0,63<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4,76<\/td>\n<td>7,1<\/td>\n<td>6,7<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>0,71<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6,35<\/td>\n<td>9,1<\/td>\n<td>8,7<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>0,88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7,94<\/td>\n<td>10,8<\/td>\n<td>10,4<\/td>\n<td>1,6<\/td>\n<td>0,88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9,52<\/td>\n<td>12,7<\/td>\n<td>12,3<\/td>\n<td>1,6<\/td>\n<td>1,24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>11,11<\/td>\n<td>14,5<\/td>\n<td>14,1<\/td>\n<td>1,6<\/td>\n<td>1,24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>12,7<\/td>\n<td>16,3<\/td>\n<td>15,9<\/td>\n<td>1,6<\/td>\n<td>1,24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>14,29<\/td>\n<td>18,1<\/td>\n<td>17,7<\/td>\n<td>1,6<\/td>\n<td>1,24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15,88<\/td>\n<td>19,6<\/td>\n<td>19,2<\/td>\n<td>1,6<\/td>\n<td>1,24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3563\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3563\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3563\" src=\"http:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/FIG.-4-Double-45-Degree-Flares-for-Tubes-300x220.jpg\" alt=\"H\u00ccNH 4 M\u00e9p loe k\u00e9p 45 \u0111\u1ed9 cho \u1ed1ng\" width=\"500\" height=\"367\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3563\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">H\u00ccNH 4 M\u00e9p loe k\u00e9p 45 \u0111\u1ed9 cho \u1ed1ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<table>\n<colgroup>\n<col span=\"5\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<caption><strong>B\u1ea2NG 2 K\u00cdCH TH\u01af\u1edaC C\u1ee6A M\u00c9P LOE 37 \u0110\u1ed8<\/strong><br \/>\n( \u0110i\u1ec1u 10.1 v\u00e0 H\u00ecnh 5 )<br \/>\nT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng milim\u00e9t.<\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0110\u01af\u1edcNG K\u00cdNH NGO\u00c0I DANH NGH\u0128A<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0110\u01af\u1edcNG K\u00cdNH M\u00c9P LOE K\u00c9P, B<sub>1<\/sub><\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">CHI\u1ec0U D\u00c0I PH\u1ea6N PH\u00ccNH RA<br \/>\nC<sub>1<\/sub>, T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0110\u1ed8 D\u00c0Y TH\u00c0NH<br \/>\nD<sub>1<\/sub>, T\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3,18<\/td>\n<td>5,1<\/td>\n<td>4,6<\/td>\n<td>0,8\u00b10,5<\/td>\n<td>0,63<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4,76<\/td>\n<td>7,1<\/td>\n<td>6,6<\/td>\n<td>0,8\u00b10,5<\/td>\n<td>0,71<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6,35<\/td>\n<td>9,1<\/td>\n<td>8,6<\/td>\n<td>0,8\u00b10,5<\/td>\n<td>0,88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7,94<\/td>\n<td>10,9<\/td>\n<td>10,2<\/td>\n<td>0,8\u00b10,5<\/td>\n<td>0,88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9,52<\/td>\n<td>12,4<\/td>\n<td>11,7<\/td>\n<td>1,0\u00b10,5<\/td>\n<td>1,24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>12,7<\/td>\n<td>16,7<\/td>\n<td>16,0<\/td>\n<td>1,0\u00b10,5<\/td>\n<td>1,24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15,88<\/td>\n<td>20,0<\/td>\n<td>19,3<\/td>\n<td>1,0\u00b10,5<\/td>\n<td>1,24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3565\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3565\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3565\" src=\"http:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/FIG.-5-Double-37-Degree-Flares-for-Tubes.jpg\" alt=\"H\u00ccNH 5 M\u00e9p loe k\u00e9p 37 \u0111\u1ed9 cho \u1ed1ng\" width=\"500\" height=\"357\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3565\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">H\u00ccNH 5 M\u00e9p loe k\u00e9p 37 \u0111\u1ed9 cho \u1ed1ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>10.2 L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i &#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 h\u1ee3p kim ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua. Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua.<br \/>\n10.3 Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng &#8211; Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eb5n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ba via.<\/p>\n<p>11. GHI NH\u00c3N<\/p>\n<p>11.1 C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin sau \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi tr\u00ean th\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e3n g\u1eafn ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed9p ch\u1ee9a \u1ed1ng khi xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng:<br \/>\na) T\u00ean ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t,<br \/>\nb) K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0<br \/>\nc) Lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng.<br \/>\n11.1.1 C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng D\u1ea5u Ch\u1ee9ng Nh\u1eadn ISI.<\/p>\n<p>L\u01afU \u00dd &#8211; Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng D\u1ea5u Ch\u1ee9ng Nh\u1eadn ISI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u00eau Chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 (D\u1ea5u Ch\u1ee9ng Nh\u1eadn) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Quy t\u1eafc, Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ban h\u00e0nh theo \u0111\u00f3. D\u1ea5u ISI tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu\u1ed9c Ti\u00eau Chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00f3, d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m tra, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, do ISI x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, v\u00e0 do nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m mang d\u1ea5u ISI c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ISI ki\u1ec3m tra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ed5 sung. Chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng D\u1ea5u Ch\u1ee9ng Nh\u1eadn ISI cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u00eau Chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p>12. TH\u00d4NG TIN DO NG\u01af\u1edcI MUA CUNG C\u1ea4P<\/p>\n<p>12.1 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ph\u1ea3i n\u00eau r\u00f5 trong y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng:<\/p>\n<p>a) k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u1ed1ng);<br \/>\nb) lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft;<br \/>\nc) m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean trong n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u;<br \/>\nd) l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u; v\u00e0<br \/>\ne) c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>0. L\u1edcI N\u00d3I \u0110\u1ea6U 0.1 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng qua v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1976, sau khi b\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o do \u1ee6y ban Ti\u1ec3u ban v\u1ec1 \u1ed0ng th\u00e9p, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 Ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ban C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 Kim [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[73,69,71],"class_list":["post-3329","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-standards","tag-indian-standards","tag-automotive-standards","tag-steel-tubing"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.eibrakeline.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3329","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.eibrakeline.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.eibrakeline.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.eibrakeline.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.eibrakeline.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3329"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.eibrakeline.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3329\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.eibrakeline.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3329"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.eibrakeline.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3329"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.eibrakeline.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3329"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}