{"id":3323,"date":"2018-05-15T09:15:06","date_gmt":"2018-05-15T01:15:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.eibrakeline.com\/?p=3323"},"modified":"2019-11-17T19:58:52","modified_gmt":"2019-11-17T11:58:52","slug":"astm-a254-copper-brazed-steel-tubing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.eibrakeline.com\/ar\/astm-a254-copper-brazed-steel-tubing\/","title":{"rendered":"ASTM A254 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u064a\u064f\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 A 254\u061b \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u00a0<\/em>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631\u00a0<\/em>\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 (e) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f.<\/em><\/p>\n

1. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1.1 \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643.
\n1.2 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

2. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2.1 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ASTM:<\/em><\/p>\n

A 370 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u06292
\nE 30 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0648\u06393
\nE 59 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/p>\n

2.2 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a:<\/em><\/p>\n

J 533 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/p>\n

3. \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/strong><\/h3>\n

3.1 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d:<\/p>\n

\"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644
\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 1: \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 360 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

3.1.1 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631)\u060c
\n3.1.2 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633)\u060c
\n3.1.3 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 1) (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639)\u060c
\n3.1.4 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u061b \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a)\u060c
\n3.1.5 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 (\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a)\u060c
\n3.1.6 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 8)\u060c
\n3.1.7 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 7 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a S2)\u060c \u0648
\n3.1.8 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n

4. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/strong><\/h3>\n

4.1 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.
\n4.2 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621.
\n4.3 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0647\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.
\n4.4 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0635\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639.
\n4.5 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0641 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u062b\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644.
\n4.6 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u064e\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 1.
\n4.7 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

5. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/h3>\n

5.1 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u060c %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n0.05 \u0625\u0644\u0649 0.15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0632<\/td>\n0.27 \u0625\u0644\u0649 0.63<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/td>\n0.035<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/td>\n0.035<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

5.2 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u2014\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0650\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0647\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.
\n5.3 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u2014\u062a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u063a\u0644\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.
\n5.4 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u2014\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 E 30 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633.
\n5.5 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u2014\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 E 59.<\/p>\n

6. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n

6.1 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f<\/em>\u2014\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u064e\u0639 (\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f) \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 2.<\/p>\n

6.1.1 \u062a\u064f\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a A 370.
\n6.1.2 \u062a\u064f\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629.
\n6.1.3 \u062a\u064f\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0637\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628.
\n6.1.4 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0631\u062f\u064a\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.
\n6.1.5 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 0.2% \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 0.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644.
\n6.1.6 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u064a\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 3\/4 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (19.0 \u0645\u0644\u0645) \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 2: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0645\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)<\/td>\n42,000 (290)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0645\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)<\/td>\n25,000 (172)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a 2 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (50.8 \u0645\u0644\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c %<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

6.2 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0637\u064a\u062d<\/em>\u2014\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646 2.5 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (64 \u0645\u0644\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0637\u064a\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.
\n6.3 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639<\/em>\u2014\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 4 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a (100 \u0645\u0644\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0650\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 20% \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. (\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0650\u0637\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628.)
\n6.4 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/em>\u2014\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0646\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629.
\n6.5 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/em>\u2014\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628:<\/p>\n

6.5.1 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0644\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 16,000 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 (110 \u0645\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644). \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

P = 2St\/D
\n\u062d\u064a\u062b:
\nP = \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)\u060c
\nS = \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u060c 16,000 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 (110 \u0645\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)\u060c
\nt = \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631)\u060c \u0648
\nD = \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631).<\/p>\n

6.5.2 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 225 \u0648250 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 (1.55 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1.73 \u0645\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644).<\/p>\n

7. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/h3>\n

7.1 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

8. \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a<\/h3>\n

8.1 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

8.1.1 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u063a\u0633\u0644 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 1,1,1-\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628 1.25 \u00d7 10\u22124<\/sup> \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\/\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 (0.194 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\/\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0643\u0628 100 \u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062c\u0645\u0639. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 40 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 (12 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627)\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u063a\u0633\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0628\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062c\u0641\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f 110 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (230 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a) \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

8.2 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

9. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n

9.1 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 3 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 4 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 5.
\n10. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631
\n10.1 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 3 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (\u0645\u0645)<\/td>\n\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (\u0645\u0645)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n\u00a0\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 3\u204416 (4.76)<\/td>\n\u00a00.002 (0.051)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0\u0645\u0646 3\u204416 (4.76) \u062d\u062a\u0649 3\u20448 (9.53)<\/td>\n\u00a00.003 (0.076)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0\u0645\u0646 7\u204416 (11.1) \u062d\u062a\u0649 5\u20448 (15.9)<\/td>\n\u00a00.004 (0.102)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 4 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (\u0645\u0645)<\/td>\n\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (\u0645\u0645)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n\u00a0\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0\u0645\u0646 0.020 (0.51) \u062d\u062a\u0649 0.030 (0.76)<\/td>\n\u00a00.003 (0.08)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0\u0645\u0646 0.031 (0.79) \u062d\u062a\u0649 0.049 (1.24)<\/td>\n\u00a00.0035 (0.09)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 5 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (\u0645\u062a\u0631)<\/td>\n\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (\u0645\u0645)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a018 (0.46) \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n\u00b10.03 (\u00b10.76)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 18 (0.46) \u062d\u062a\u0649 40 (1.02)<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00b10.06 (\u00b11.52)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 40 (1.02) \u062d\u062a\u0649 80 (2.03)<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00b10.12 (\u00b13.05 )<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 80 (2.03) \u062d\u062a\u0649 120 (3.05)<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00b10.25 (\u00b16.35 )<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 120 (3.05)<\/td>\n\u00a0+1.00 (+25.4)\u060c \u22120.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

11. \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/h3>\n

11.1 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

12. \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n

12.1 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

13. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/strong><\/h3>\n

13.1 \u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0634 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0631\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u064d.<\/p>\n

14. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0636<\/strong><\/h3>\n

14.1 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0650 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a.
\n14.2 \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643. \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

15. \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n

15.1 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0632\u0648\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0645\u0641\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629\u064b.<\/p>\n

16. \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c<\/strong><\/h3>\n

16.1 \u064a\u064f\u062f\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 (\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628.
\n16.2 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f\u2014\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f 16.1\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n

\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n

S1. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n

S1.1 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 SAE J 533\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 A (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 S1.1). \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 0.12 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (3.0 \u0645\u0645) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

\"ASTM<\/p>\n

S1.1.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 B (\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0629 90\u00b0)\u061b \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628.
\nS1.1.2 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 C (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639).<\/p>\n

S1.2 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062e \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0633\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062e\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n

S2. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n

S2.1 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n

S3. \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n

S3.1 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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